Natality rates are determined by complex factors, that vary according to individual and couple decisions dependent on ties and opportunities, and influenced by expectations and cultural variables. Advanced maternal age is a common trait in Western countries, but Tuscany stands out for the average number of sons, the share of childless women, and the relationship between these factors and women’s employment rates. In fact, in our region, the above-average female labour force participation is not matched by a proportional growth of fertility rates, as is happening in many European countries. Motherhood is perceived as an obstacle to job retention and to the achievement of career goals.
