{"id":19253,"date":"2022-12-30T08:32:50","date_gmt":"2022-12-30T08:32:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/the-determinants-of-domestic-water-demand-and-the-equity-of-tariffs-empirical-evidence-from-an-italian-municipality\/"},"modified":"2022-12-30T08:32:50","modified_gmt":"2022-12-30T08:32:50","slug":"the-determinants-of-domestic-water-demand-and-the-equity-of-tariffs-empirical-evidence-from-an-italian-municipality","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/the-determinants-of-domestic-water-demand-and-the-equity-of-tariffs-empirical-evidence-from-an-italian-municipality\/","title":{"rendered":"The determinants of domestic water demand and the equity of tariffs: Empirical evidence from an Italian municipality"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold text-notransform mb-3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.francoangeli.it\/riviste\/Scheda_rivista.aspx?IDArticolo=72363\">The determinants of domestic water demand and the equity of tariffs: Empirical evidence from an Italian municipality\u00a0<\/a><\/h3>\n<p class=\"fs-7 mb-5\"><strong>Titolo Rivista<\/strong>\u00a0ECONOMIA PUBBLICA<br \/>\n<strong>Autori\/Curatori<\/strong>\u00a0Lucia Cecchi, Enrico Conti, Letizia Ravagli<br \/>\n<strong>Anno di pubblicazione<\/strong>\u00a02022\u00a0<strong>Fascicolo<\/strong>\u00a02022\/3\u00a0<strong>Lingua<\/strong>\u00a0Inglese<br \/>\n<strong>Numero pagine<\/strong>\u00a023\u00a0<strong>P.<\/strong>\u00a0373-395\u00a0<strong>Dimensione file<\/strong>\u00a0210 KB<br \/>\n<strong>DOI<\/strong>\u00a010.3280\/EP2022-003002<\/p>\n<p class=\"fs-7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Since the seventies, an increasing block tariff regime (IBT) for water services has been in force in Italy to prevent water from being wasted and to ensure that all citizens can access an essential amount of water at low prices. This article describes an empirical analysis, based on an original household-level administrative data- base from an Italian municipality, that has three objectives: i) to verify the assump- tions underlying the IBT by estimating the main determinants of water demand, ii) to assess equity and affordability of the tariff in force, iii) to evaluate the effects of alternative tariffs, which take into account the household size and provide a sub- sistence minimum free of charge, and of subsidies targeted to families with limited means. The main results show a basically inelastic demand with respect to price and income, a regressive effect of the current water tariff and a significant propor tion of families at risk of affordability, particularly among single and larger house- holds. Alternative tariff methods would not be able to improve the equity of the system because the relationship between consumption and income is too weak. Only effective subsidies targeted to families with limited means can make a difference.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Keywords<\/strong>:water demand, price and income elasticity, tariffs, distributive effects, affordability<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jel codes:<\/strong>Q25, Q21, H23<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Article in Public Economy 3\/2022 by Lucia Cecchi, Enrico Conti and Letizia Ravagli<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1033],"tags":[1072,1071],"staff":[948,966],"temi-pubblicazioni":[972],"class_list":["post-19253","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articoli-e-riviste-scientifiche","tag-tariffs-en","tag-water-demand-en","staff-enrico-conti","staff-ravagli-letizia-en","temi-pubblicazioni-public-economics"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The determinants of domestic water demand and the equity of tariffs: Empirical evidence from an Italian municipality - Irpet<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/the-determinants-of-domestic-water-demand-and-the-equity-of-tariffs-empirical-evidence-from-an-italian-municipality\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The determinants of domestic water demand and the equity of tariffs: Empirical evidence from an Italian municipality - Irpet\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Article in Public Economy 3\/2022 by Lucia Cecchi, Enrico Conti and Letizia Ravagli\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/the-determinants-of-domestic-water-demand-and-the-equity-of-tariffs-empirical-evidence-from-an-italian-municipality\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Irpet\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-12-30T08:32:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"migration\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"migration\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/the-determinants-of-domestic-water-demand-and-the-equity-of-tariffs-empirical-evidence-from-an-italian-municipality\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/the-determinants-of-domestic-water-demand-and-the-equity-of-tariffs-empirical-evidence-from-an-italian-municipality\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"migration\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/irpetwp.netseven.work\/#\/schema\/person\/f02eeb17bb4594b7e02727a49483f055\"},\"headline\":\"The determinants of domestic water demand and the equity of tariffs: Empirical evidence from an Italian municipality\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-12-30T08:32:50+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/the-determinants-of-domestic-water-demand-and-the-equity-of-tariffs-empirical-evidence-from-an-italian-municipality\/\"},\"wordCount\":278,\"keywords\":[\"tariffs\",\"water demand\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Scientific journal articles\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/the-determinants-of-domestic-water-demand-and-the-equity-of-tariffs-empirical-evidence-from-an-italian-municipality\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/the-determinants-of-domestic-water-demand-and-the-equity-of-tariffs-empirical-evidence-from-an-italian-municipality\/\",\"name\":\"The determinants of domestic water demand and the equity of tariffs: Empirical evidence from an Italian municipality - Irpet\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/irpetwp.netseven.work\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2022-12-30T08:32:50+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/irpetwp.netseven.work\/#\/schema\/person\/f02eeb17bb4594b7e02727a49483f055\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/the-determinants-of-domestic-water-demand-and-the-equity-of-tariffs-empirical-evidence-from-an-italian-municipality\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/the-determinants-of-domestic-water-demand-and-the-equity-of-tariffs-empirical-evidence-from-an-italian-municipality\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/the-determinants-of-domestic-water-demand-and-the-equity-of-tariffs-empirical-evidence-from-an-italian-municipality\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"The determinants of domestic water demand and the equity of tariffs: Empirical evidence from an Italian municipality\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/irpetwp.netseven.work\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/irpetwp.netseven.work\/\",\"name\":\"Irpet\",\"description\":\"Istituto Regionale Programmazione Economica Toscana\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/irpetwp.netseven.work\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/irpetwp.netseven.work\/#\/schema\/person\/f02eeb17bb4594b7e02727a49483f055\",\"name\":\"migration\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/irpetwp.netseven.work\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9c72ccc5cceb6d58618c2baacf274a295744355e8881cf78a157bda762c7e3e2?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9c72ccc5cceb6d58618c2baacf274a295744355e8881cf78a157bda762c7e3e2?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"migration\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/author\/migration\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"The determinants of domestic water demand and the equity of tariffs: Empirical evidence from an Italian municipality - Irpet","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/the-determinants-of-domestic-water-demand-and-the-equity-of-tariffs-empirical-evidence-from-an-italian-municipality\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"The determinants of domestic water demand and the equity of tariffs: Empirical evidence from an Italian municipality - Irpet","og_description":"Article in Public Economy 3\/2022 by Lucia Cecchi, Enrico Conti and Letizia Ravagli","og_url":"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/the-determinants-of-domestic-water-demand-and-the-equity-of-tariffs-empirical-evidence-from-an-italian-municipality\/","og_site_name":"Irpet","article_published_time":"2022-12-30T08:32:50+00:00","author":"migration","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"migration","Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/the-determinants-of-domestic-water-demand-and-the-equity-of-tariffs-empirical-evidence-from-an-italian-municipality\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/the-determinants-of-domestic-water-demand-and-the-equity-of-tariffs-empirical-evidence-from-an-italian-municipality\/"},"author":{"name":"migration","@id":"https:\/\/irpetwp.netseven.work\/#\/schema\/person\/f02eeb17bb4594b7e02727a49483f055"},"headline":"The determinants of domestic water demand and the equity of tariffs: Empirical evidence from an Italian municipality","datePublished":"2022-12-30T08:32:50+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/the-determinants-of-domestic-water-demand-and-the-equity-of-tariffs-empirical-evidence-from-an-italian-municipality\/"},"wordCount":278,"keywords":["tariffs","water demand"],"articleSection":["Scientific journal articles"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/the-determinants-of-domestic-water-demand-and-the-equity-of-tariffs-empirical-evidence-from-an-italian-municipality\/","url":"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/the-determinants-of-domestic-water-demand-and-the-equity-of-tariffs-empirical-evidence-from-an-italian-municipality\/","name":"The determinants of domestic water demand and the equity of tariffs: Empirical evidence from an Italian municipality - Irpet","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/irpetwp.netseven.work\/#website"},"datePublished":"2022-12-30T08:32:50+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/irpetwp.netseven.work\/#\/schema\/person\/f02eeb17bb4594b7e02727a49483f055"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/the-determinants-of-domestic-water-demand-and-the-equity-of-tariffs-empirical-evidence-from-an-italian-municipality\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/the-determinants-of-domestic-water-demand-and-the-equity-of-tariffs-empirical-evidence-from-an-italian-municipality\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/the-determinants-of-domestic-water-demand-and-the-equity-of-tariffs-empirical-evidence-from-an-italian-municipality\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"The determinants of domestic water demand and the equity of tariffs: Empirical evidence from an Italian municipality"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/irpetwp.netseven.work\/#website","url":"https:\/\/irpetwp.netseven.work\/","name":"Irpet","description":"Istituto Regionale Programmazione Economica Toscana","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/irpetwp.netseven.work\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/irpetwp.netseven.work\/#\/schema\/person\/f02eeb17bb4594b7e02727a49483f055","name":"migration","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/irpetwp.netseven.work\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9c72ccc5cceb6d58618c2baacf274a295744355e8881cf78a157bda762c7e3e2?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9c72ccc5cceb6d58618c2baacf274a295744355e8881cf78a157bda762c7e3e2?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"migration"},"url":"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/author\/migration\/"}]}},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19253","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19253"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19253\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19253"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19253"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19253"},{"taxonomy":"staff","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/staff?post=19253"},{"taxonomy":"temi-pubblicazioni","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.irpet.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/temi-pubblicazioni?post=19253"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}