Illegality and organised crime in the Tuscan economy. Report 2023
Report by P. Lattarulo
Collana I LIBRI DELLA GIUNTA REGIONALE – società – n. 9
This report was produced by IRPET researchers under the coordination of Patrizia Lattarulo, manager of the Public Economics Research Area.
The chapters are attributed as follows: Chapters 1-2 Giuseppe Francesco Gori Chapters 3 Tommaso Ferraresi (§§ 3.1 and 3.2) and Donatella Marinari (§ 3.3) Chapters 4-7 Donatella Marinari Chapters 8 Giuseppe Francesco Gori Chapter 9 Leonardo Piccini and Leonardo Ghezzi (§ 9.1), Donatella Marinari (§§ 9.2-9.3) Chapter 10 Letizia Ravagli and Maria Luisa Maitino (§ 10.1), Tommaso Ferraresi and Leonardo Ghezzi (§ 10.2), Claudia Ferretti (§ 10.3) Chapter 11 Damiano Baldaccini and Patrizia Lattarulo Editing Elena Zangheri, IRPET
The phenomenon of illegality and the underground economy goes beyond manifestly criminal expressions and often takes on less striking, but no less pervasive, forms. Its economic dimension is particularly significant, if we consider that IRPET estimates a total value of 11.3 billion in unobserved activity, of which 1.2 billion relative to illegal activities and 10.1 billion attributable to the underground economy and evasion. This is 11.7% of GDP, a percentage in line with the national figure. It is a phenomenon, that of illegality and mafia presence, which adapts to the evolution of the social context, so much so that today it takes on less and less the characteristics of territorial control and more and more that of economic activity. For this reason, the multiform and widespread wealth of the region represents a privileged area of attraction, all the more so for the commission of economic and financial crimes. The long period of economic crisis and the subsequent health pandemic have made the country’s production and social system weaker and more exposed, and today the resources that Europe has made available for recovery represent, besides the undoubted opportunity, also a factor of concern with respect to possible mafia interests.
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